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Fort Mose Historic State Park
Fort Mose Historic State Park (originally known as Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mosé) is a U.S. National Historic Landmark (designated as such on October 12, 1994),〔 located two miles north of St. Augustine, Florida, on the eastern edge of a marsh. The original site of the 18th-century fort was uncovered in a 1986 archeological dig. The site is now protected as a Florida State Park, administered through the Anastasia State Recreation Area. Fort Mose is the "premier site on the Florida Black Heritage Trail."〔(Darcie Macmahon and Kathleen Deagan, "Legacy of Fort Mose" ), ''Archaeology Magazine,'' Volume 49 Number 5, September/October 1996〕
In 1738, the Spanish colonial governor had Fort Mose (pronounced "Moh-say") built and established as a free black settlement, the first legally sanctioned in what would become the territory of the United States.〔 The fort has also been known as Fort Moosa or Fort Mossa, related to its Spanish pronunciation. The community began when Florida was a Spanish colony.
==Historical background==
As early as 1687, the Spanish government had begun to offer asylum to slaves from British colonies. In 1693, the Spanish Crown officially proclaimed that runaways would find freedom in Florida, in return for converting to Catholicism and a term for men of four years' military service to the Crown.〔(Riordan, Patrick: "Finding Freedom in Florida: Native Peoples, African Americans, and Colonists, 1670–1816" ), ''Florida Historical Quarterly'' 75(1), 1996, pp. 25–44.〕 In effect, Spain created a maroon colony in Florida as a front-line defense against English attacks from the north. Spain also intended to destabilize the plantation economy of the British colonies by creating a free black community to attract slaves seeking escape and refuge from the british slavery.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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